He, he, he..I lied.
I will posting an Instructable for the Caldera-Trodes.
Better display of the information and all.
The basic steps:
1. Layout the shape for the cone on copper. ConeCad gives radius and span data.
2. Cut out the ends of the strip, and the outside edge. Only rough out the inside edge.
3. Use a file to get the ends exactly right. The outside edge should be pretty close to the line. The ends and outside edge define the geometry of the shroud. Make it right here, or do trimming elsewhere.
4. Needle-nose pliers, crimp the strip at regular intervals to form a cone. Wide end of pliers at wide end of strip.
5. Solder the seam. Carefully bring top and bottom end of the cone to round. A good fit prior to soldering is a must.
6. Slice off the raggedy end of the cone at the right height. Make the top and bottom 'circles' true.
7. Tin the edge of the 1/4 teaspoon measure. Some stainless doesn't like tin/lead solder, so use lead free. Not for ROHS reasons, just compatibility.
8. Solder the cone onto the PCB, alined with pass-through. Use very little solder! Too much solder or too long heating warps PCB.
9. Solder on spoon. Two or three tacks, then flow them together. Take care not to unsolder seam on shroud.
10. Drill itty-bitty [1/16"] hole through the copper, near the spoon end. Vent and clean-out hole.
11. Do the same on the other side of the PCB.
I will post a link pretty soon.
Saturday, May 30, 2015
Tuesday, May 26, 2015
Rant against Michelson/Morley special relativity and all that madness.
I probably am starting to repeat myself when it comes to my message that the mathematical underpinnings of relativity are based on approximations, assumptions and missing terms.
Yes, I am referring to Ampere and the longitudinal forces.
I don't want to write this like a rant, or an exposition about how I am right, and so many that came before 'missed something'.
Truth to be told, I have an advantage when it comes to 'fringe science': I am somewhat crazy.
Being reverent to the Laws of physics, to me, has always seemed optional.
So while I am plagued with doubts [It can't work, Standard Model Says, Can't get something from nothing, wash your hands after going to the bathroom...], I know what myself and others have done, the weird results.
And some of that work, well, it helps to be nuts if you are going to think it all through and not have your head implode. Like what happens in Amperes equations when r [the separation between current carrying elements] gets to be a tiny number, or zero? Everything gets divided by r, so if r = 0, boom.
Next up!
Detailed, step-by-torturous-step how-to make Caldera-Trodes! yay.
I probably am starting to repeat myself when it comes to my message that the mathematical underpinnings of relativity are based on approximations, assumptions and missing terms.
Yes, I am referring to Ampere and the longitudinal forces.
I don't want to write this like a rant, or an exposition about how I am right, and so many that came before 'missed something'.
Truth to be told, I have an advantage when it comes to 'fringe science': I am somewhat crazy.
Being reverent to the Laws of physics, to me, has always seemed optional.
So while I am plagued with doubts [It can't work, Standard Model Says, Can't get something from nothing, wash your hands after going to the bathroom...], I know what myself and others have done, the weird results.
And some of that work, well, it helps to be nuts if you are going to think it all through and not have your head implode. Like what happens in Amperes equations when r [the separation between current carrying elements] gets to be a tiny number, or zero? Everything gets divided by r, so if r = 0, boom.
Next up!
Detailed, step-by-torturous-step how-to make Caldera-Trodes! yay.
And now a little time to rant about Michelson/Morley and how they peed in the punch-bowl.
Review: To test for the Aether [stationary or otherwise], light beams, mirrors, beam splitters and other stuff where set up to see if light speed was sensitive to the proper motion of the apparatus/planet.
Null result has been seen as proof of no Aether, and became the corner stone to build special relativity.
Heaviside, Lorentz, Maxwell and Einstein created a whole new world of physics all right, but did anyone miss one vital bit about the null result?
Each time a beam of light interacts with each of the mirrors, it leaves that mirror at the speed of light.
Each beam getting split is both passing through glass [and going the right speed while doing it!] and emerging at the proper speed, and being partly reflected. See the bit about mirrors and speed of light.
And at the detector, photons are interacting with the electrons in matter, but that interaction in limited to the speed of light.
My point in all this repetition?
All the light beams are going the 'right speed', all the mirrors and lenses are staying in the right places [Lorentz contraction still hypothetical!] and have the right lengths, so of course Null Result!
The Null result was the Null result for the simple reason you can't detect non-accelerating motion using ANY know technology! [The moving thing can't measure it's own movement without referencing something external to itself]
Now if you are accelerating, or rotating [which is acceleration around a center] then bits of light get 'left behind' and that type of motion is easy to spot with this kind of thing.
Does the Aether exist?
Yes, but it has no proper or relative speed in terms of matter/energy.
Speed of light is the rate of energy exchange between systems.
If two systems can only exchange energy at specific rates, limits in the interaction between systems become evident. Light is always going 'the same speed', but maybe that is the 'translation rate'?
This is all highly metaphorical, but I never met a four I didn't like.
Review: To test for the Aether [stationary or otherwise], light beams, mirrors, beam splitters and other stuff where set up to see if light speed was sensitive to the proper motion of the apparatus/planet.
Null result has been seen as proof of no Aether, and became the corner stone to build special relativity.
Heaviside, Lorentz, Maxwell and Einstein created a whole new world of physics all right, but did anyone miss one vital bit about the null result?
Each time a beam of light interacts with each of the mirrors, it leaves that mirror at the speed of light.
Each beam getting split is both passing through glass [and going the right speed while doing it!] and emerging at the proper speed, and being partly reflected. See the bit about mirrors and speed of light.
And at the detector, photons are interacting with the electrons in matter, but that interaction in limited to the speed of light.
My point in all this repetition?
All the light beams are going the 'right speed', all the mirrors and lenses are staying in the right places [Lorentz contraction still hypothetical!] and have the right lengths, so of course Null Result!
The Null result was the Null result for the simple reason you can't detect non-accelerating motion using ANY know technology! [The moving thing can't measure it's own movement without referencing something external to itself]
Now if you are accelerating, or rotating [which is acceleration around a center] then bits of light get 'left behind' and that type of motion is easy to spot with this kind of thing.
Does the Aether exist?
Yes, but it has no proper or relative speed in terms of matter/energy.
Speed of light is the rate of energy exchange between systems.
If two systems can only exchange energy at specific rates, limits in the interaction between systems become evident. Light is always going 'the same speed', but maybe that is the 'translation rate'?
This is all highly metaphorical, but I never met a four I didn't like.
Monday, May 25, 2015
So, more about them pesky particles, the Proton.
Rather than be a surface feature/blemish like the electron, the proton is really something.
No, really, it is something!
That 'something' is a bit of ZPE, compressed/condensed into the thing we know and love as the proton.
But wait, there is more.
This 'knot' of ZPE didn't just plop out of nothing, it came from the vasty sea of ZPE, but it left a 'cavity'.
The knot is not really a separate entity from the ZPE, it is part of the general ZPE field, and the presence of the proton balances the cavity, in terms of total ZPE in the overall region.
OK, imagine the surface of a pond, but there is an arrogant bastard water drop that refuses to join to rest of the water. You see this sometimes in vodka bottles: shake it up, tiny beads dance on the surface. Same idea.
Here is the thing, though. The 'beads' don't just dance on the surface, they displace it, make 'dents' in the surface.
If you have two beads, their 'dents' draw them together. Just like gravity.
The more protons, the more 'dents' in ZPE, the more gravity.
What was the other thing...Inertia!
OK, if a proton 'dents' space/time, and large collections of these dents give rise to gravity, where does that leave inertia?
Well, consider that the proton and the dent are co-located. If the proton moves at a steady rate, so does the dent.
But if the proton is accelerated, then something wierd happens. The proton resists being accelerated!
I don't mean 'speed up' when I say acceleration, I mean change in velocity.
Why would this be?
The proton and then dent are 'linked' in a way where moving the proton moves the dent. But the 'communication' of position is limited to V of C.
Acceleration of the proton would have to accelerate the dent as well, but the dent doesn't 'know' that the proton has changed velocity.
To simplify: It takes force acting on the proton to force it away from its dent, but that same force leads the dent to 'catch up' with the proton.
Greater acceleration required greater force, as the proton-to-dent 'offset' is greater.
Neutrons? A proton that ate an electron. Same other stuff applies.
Good night, and have a tomorrow.
Rather than be a surface feature/blemish like the electron, the proton is really something.
No, really, it is something!
That 'something' is a bit of ZPE, compressed/condensed into the thing we know and love as the proton.
But wait, there is more.
This 'knot' of ZPE didn't just plop out of nothing, it came from the vasty sea of ZPE, but it left a 'cavity'.
The knot is not really a separate entity from the ZPE, it is part of the general ZPE field, and the presence of the proton balances the cavity, in terms of total ZPE in the overall region.
OK, imagine the surface of a pond, but there is an arrogant bastard water drop that refuses to join to rest of the water. You see this sometimes in vodka bottles: shake it up, tiny beads dance on the surface. Same idea.
Here is the thing, though. The 'beads' don't just dance on the surface, they displace it, make 'dents' in the surface.
If you have two beads, their 'dents' draw them together. Just like gravity.
The more protons, the more 'dents' in ZPE, the more gravity.
What was the other thing...Inertia!
OK, if a proton 'dents' space/time, and large collections of these dents give rise to gravity, where does that leave inertia?
Well, consider that the proton and the dent are co-located. If the proton moves at a steady rate, so does the dent.
But if the proton is accelerated, then something wierd happens. The proton resists being accelerated!
I don't mean 'speed up' when I say acceleration, I mean change in velocity.
Why would this be?
The proton and then dent are 'linked' in a way where moving the proton moves the dent. But the 'communication' of position is limited to V of C.
Acceleration of the proton would have to accelerate the dent as well, but the dent doesn't 'know' that the proton has changed velocity.
To simplify: It takes force acting on the proton to force it away from its dent, but that same force leads the dent to 'catch up' with the proton.
Greater acceleration required greater force, as the proton-to-dent 'offset' is greater.
Neutrons? A proton that ate an electron. Same other stuff applies.
Good night, and have a tomorrow.
First off, I want to define 'fundamental particles' as electrons, neutrons and protons.
That's it.
The funky shrapnel that is ionizing radiation are bits and pieces of the fundamentals.
Instability within the nucleus is unfortunate, but I don't have any theories on that yet.
And the weird particles out of high energy collisions? Sparks from throwing alarm clocks at each other at high speed. With enough energy, you can cook up any particle you want. They just don't live very long.
So, electrons first.
Carries a charge, has extremely small mass, is 'distributed' in space [probability defines location].
All photon/matter interactions are mediated by electrons. No exceptions. Almost everything we ever see is valence shell electrons at various energy levels and bondings. Cool.
OK, that is the Classic stuff, greatly simplified.
My turn: Electron is [this gets allegorical] like a bubble on the 'surface' of ZPE. OK, surface isn't quite right, but if the energy level of ZPE is visualized as the surface of a liquid, this starts to work.
So, small bubble on surface of liquid. Mostly open space, very little disturbance in the surface of the liquid, easily moved around by currents. Motion across the surface is electrical current, the effect on the liquid [ripples] is electro-magnetic field. And yes, reversible. Motor/generator.
Note! The electrons in question are not 'in space' but in materials. The electrons in a material are still 'in ZPE'. And it is within the subtle energy differences of the electrons 'group memberships' that help define what that material 'is'.
Group membership? Yeah. Electrons exist in several distinct 'worlds'. ZPE or space/time, and in the worlds of valence [within an atom], bonding [between atoms], quantum energy levels, surface plasmons [metallic reflection]...busy little guys, these electrons.
Given all the things that influence electrons, and how many of those work both ways, it is easy to see how something as simple as intense electrical discharges could effect so many systems.
Not all the effects are seen in all discharges, and rise-time is the culprit.
Full potential of the discharge voltage is realized only with zero current, then as current flows, voltage across the arc-gap begins to fall.
At some point between voltage dropping, and current rising, there must be a point where voltage/current in the arc exceeds some threshold.
More likely, it is the voltage potential just before conduction that breaks vacuum permittivity.
Intense electrostatic fields, like in a capacitor, can cause the dielectric to physically expand. As the dielectric expands, its density [and insulating properties] become less dense, until a breakdown occurs.
If the voltage rise is fast enough, capacitors can literally burst. The plates are moving apart fast enough that they can separate from the dielectric.
If ZPE could be forced to expand, even briefly, it would be experienced as an explosive displacement of matter away from the discharge.
Just like Ampere saw.
Coffee time!
That's it.
The funky shrapnel that is ionizing radiation are bits and pieces of the fundamentals.
Instability within the nucleus is unfortunate, but I don't have any theories on that yet.
And the weird particles out of high energy collisions? Sparks from throwing alarm clocks at each other at high speed. With enough energy, you can cook up any particle you want. They just don't live very long.
So, electrons first.
Carries a charge, has extremely small mass, is 'distributed' in space [probability defines location].
All photon/matter interactions are mediated by electrons. No exceptions. Almost everything we ever see is valence shell electrons at various energy levels and bondings. Cool.
OK, that is the Classic stuff, greatly simplified.
My turn: Electron is [this gets allegorical] like a bubble on the 'surface' of ZPE. OK, surface isn't quite right, but if the energy level of ZPE is visualized as the surface of a liquid, this starts to work.
So, small bubble on surface of liquid. Mostly open space, very little disturbance in the surface of the liquid, easily moved around by currents. Motion across the surface is electrical current, the effect on the liquid [ripples] is electro-magnetic field. And yes, reversible. Motor/generator.
Note! The electrons in question are not 'in space' but in materials. The electrons in a material are still 'in ZPE'. And it is within the subtle energy differences of the electrons 'group memberships' that help define what that material 'is'.
Group membership? Yeah. Electrons exist in several distinct 'worlds'. ZPE or space/time, and in the worlds of valence [within an atom], bonding [between atoms], quantum energy levels, surface plasmons [metallic reflection]...busy little guys, these electrons.
Given all the things that influence electrons, and how many of those work both ways, it is easy to see how something as simple as intense electrical discharges could effect so many systems.
Not all the effects are seen in all discharges, and rise-time is the culprit.
Full potential of the discharge voltage is realized only with zero current, then as current flows, voltage across the arc-gap begins to fall.
At some point between voltage dropping, and current rising, there must be a point where voltage/current in the arc exceeds some threshold.
More likely, it is the voltage potential just before conduction that breaks vacuum permittivity.
Intense electrostatic fields, like in a capacitor, can cause the dielectric to physically expand. As the dielectric expands, its density [and insulating properties] become less dense, until a breakdown occurs.
If the voltage rise is fast enough, capacitors can literally burst. The plates are moving apart fast enough that they can separate from the dielectric.
If ZPE could be forced to expand, even briefly, it would be experienced as an explosive displacement of matter away from the discharge.
Just like Ampere saw.
Coffee time!
Sunday, May 24, 2015
I just found out the worst thing about the IntersWeb: going back and reading your own drivel!
Ewww.
Off to get a battery-powered shock-box module. 20 KV, DC, tiny current, but I am charging up a 1.2 nF capacitor!
Stay tuned, as next update will spill the beans on my loopy "fundamental particles as 'snags' in the ZPE field" theory of gravity, inertia, light, EM fields and matter all tied into one 'thing'.
He, he, he... And no, that has nothing to do with helium.
Ewww.
Off to get a battery-powered shock-box module. 20 KV, DC, tiny current, but I am charging up a 1.2 nF capacitor!
Stay tuned, as next update will spill the beans on my loopy "fundamental particles as 'snags' in the ZPE field" theory of gravity, inertia, light, EM fields and matter all tied into one 'thing'.
He, he, he... And no, that has nothing to do with helium.
Ok, a look at why I think huge power is not needed for the repulsive reaction.
The electrode hammering noted by Ampere and others is an extreme example of the repulsive reaction, and I am sure that effect can be scaled down to the point where the electrodes aren't killed instantly.
Here goes: Looking at the working arc-gap at the moment the voltage is rising, there is a growing electrical gradient between the electrodes. The air has not yet ionized, no current yet flows. The voltage builds and builds until the ionization/arcing begins. Very quickly, the arc becomes a low-resistance pathway for enormous current flow, which heats the ionized air to high temperatures. Flash, BANG!
But at what point in the above does the 'hammering' or repulsive effect occur?
My bet is on the slender bit between "voltage rising" and "arcing".
Think of the vacuum, will you please? Won't someone think of the vacuum!
It has needs, it has values, it has electrical properties. Huh? Who would have though that empty space has electrical properties? Is does, so there.
Vacuum permittivity, to be exact.
It is the capability of the vacuum to permit Electric field lines. More or less, it sets a limit on electric field density. If I read the back of the package right, there should be a limit. Volume, density, time, volts per unit...
Hmmm.
Tiny gap between rods, fast rise-time to 'stay ahead' of hot-arcing.
Is vacuum permittivity being violated? Not like punching a hole in a dielectric, more like the way an optical fiber can rupture with a powerful laser pulse. [solitons]
What if tweaking vacuum permittivity caused there to be more vacuum?
[And at this point in the narrative, the Author is safely assumed to have lost his mind. Thank you, and good night]
More vacuum, as in more space/time.
Simple version: electrical field tension builds until initial conduction. Electrical current 'pushes' space/time out of the way, until resistance of arc drops voltage gradient below some threshold.
[That should stir them up back home! I need sleep.]
Less Simple version: Same as above, but the permittivity violation results in extra space/time being created to accomodate the excess field lines. Once the field lines are gone [voltage gradient drops as resistance drops], the extra space/time ceases to be, the 'shove' exerted by the space/time bubble stops, but there is no rebound. [weak. needs work. Think, man, think! Saknussemm made it this far with a Q-tip and a 17 ounces of brass dust! ]
Why low-power threshold is important!
If a low-end for the reaction is found, say only a few milli-Newtons, this is good!
A low-power system will not eat the electrodes, and it can be run at high cyclic rates.
Five thousands pulses a second, 0.005 newtons each, hey, propulsion!
Personal aside: I have worked/played with electrical and electronic stuff most of my life.
I can glance at a schematic, and 'see' the AC and DC pathways. Antenna design is like music to me.
So I have to say this: I do not always like the implications of this work.
Persistent doubts remain.
Are the researchers all 'legit'? Are claims being inflated? Are 'they' keeping the truth from us? [tin foiling!]
No, the doubts I have are simple and sound: Laws of physics, Conservation of Energy.
TANSTAAFL
There Aint No Such Thing As A Free Lunch.
I am excited at the possibilities, but ground-down by my attachment to reality.
Need a new reality.
The electrode hammering noted by Ampere and others is an extreme example of the repulsive reaction, and I am sure that effect can be scaled down to the point where the electrodes aren't killed instantly.
Here goes: Looking at the working arc-gap at the moment the voltage is rising, there is a growing electrical gradient between the electrodes. The air has not yet ionized, no current yet flows. The voltage builds and builds until the ionization/arcing begins. Very quickly, the arc becomes a low-resistance pathway for enormous current flow, which heats the ionized air to high temperatures. Flash, BANG!
But at what point in the above does the 'hammering' or repulsive effect occur?
My bet is on the slender bit between "voltage rising" and "arcing".
Think of the vacuum, will you please? Won't someone think of the vacuum!
It has needs, it has values, it has electrical properties. Huh? Who would have though that empty space has electrical properties? Is does, so there.
Vacuum permittivity, to be exact.
It is the capability of the vacuum to permit Electric field lines. More or less, it sets a limit on electric field density. If I read the back of the package right, there should be a limit. Volume, density, time, volts per unit...
Hmmm.
Tiny gap between rods, fast rise-time to 'stay ahead' of hot-arcing.
Is vacuum permittivity being violated? Not like punching a hole in a dielectric, more like the way an optical fiber can rupture with a powerful laser pulse. [solitons]
What if tweaking vacuum permittivity caused there to be more vacuum?
[And at this point in the narrative, the Author is safely assumed to have lost his mind. Thank you, and good night]
More vacuum, as in more space/time.
Simple version: electrical field tension builds until initial conduction. Electrical current 'pushes' space/time out of the way, until resistance of arc drops voltage gradient below some threshold.
[That should stir them up back home! I need sleep.]
Less Simple version: Same as above, but the permittivity violation results in extra space/time being created to accomodate the excess field lines. Once the field lines are gone [voltage gradient drops as resistance drops], the extra space/time ceases to be, the 'shove' exerted by the space/time bubble stops, but there is no rebound. [weak. needs work. Think, man, think! Saknussemm made it this far with a Q-tip and a 17 ounces of brass dust! ]
Why low-power threshold is important!
If a low-end for the reaction is found, say only a few milli-Newtons, this is good!
A low-power system will not eat the electrodes, and it can be run at high cyclic rates.
Five thousands pulses a second, 0.005 newtons each, hey, propulsion!
Personal aside: I have worked/played with electrical and electronic stuff most of my life.
I can glance at a schematic, and 'see' the AC and DC pathways. Antenna design is like music to me.
So I have to say this: I do not always like the implications of this work.
Persistent doubts remain.
Are the researchers all 'legit'? Are claims being inflated? Are 'they' keeping the truth from us? [tin foiling!]
No, the doubts I have are simple and sound: Laws of physics, Conservation of Energy.
TANSTAAFL
There Aint No Such Thing As A Free Lunch.
I am excited at the possibilities, but ground-down by my attachment to reality.
Need a new reality.
Saturday, May 23, 2015
First up, a cheeky contender for Arc-Switch, as visualized by Blender.
The upper and lower chrome-bits are 1/4 teaspoon measures. Stainless steel, about 1.5mm thick metal.
The arc-switch is in cross-section. The hole in the PCB passes the arc, the copper shroud supporting the electrodes is soldered directly to the PCB copper.
Scale? The arc-length is about 3/8", or around 8mm.
PCB is 6" x 9", 1/32" FR4, 1oz. copper cladding.
Here we see the 'top' traces on the PCB. 1/4" edge border, 1/2" A-B separation.
And here is the ground-plane.
Shroud soldered onto upper traces. Shroud pattern artwork courtesy of "ConeCalc", freeware.
And here we witness my God-like soldering skills. Spoon-trode soldered into shroud.
Caldera-trode? Volcano-trode? Fun stuff.
View of the top electrode, from the ground-plane. If you look real close, the solder-seam is visible.
Well, there are more photos to take, notes to crib, rumors to quell.
Laters.
The upper and lower chrome-bits are 1/4 teaspoon measures. Stainless steel, about 1.5mm thick metal.
The arc-switch is in cross-section. The hole in the PCB passes the arc, the copper shroud supporting the electrodes is soldered directly to the PCB copper.
Scale? The arc-length is about 3/8", or around 8mm.
PCB is 6" x 9", 1/32" FR4, 1oz. copper cladding.
Caldera-trode? Volcano-trode? Fun stuff.
Laters.
Hey.
While the title promises "low-inductance bla bla bla", I have been a big tease so far!
The high-speed, low-inductance switch is a key part of what I am working on, and all this messy preamble serves to do is give things a context.
Goals for this switch:
1. Fast. Duh. Arc-switches are the fastest power-switching technology known.
2. Low inductance. See also Fast Switch.
3. Physically robust. No weak-tea falling apart nonsense.
4. Cheap. Like me, no budget, so gotta be home-made.
5. No Inobtanium, Cantfindium or Whatthehellamine. No fair if my cool design relies on "An Interositer capable of laying a 6 lane concrete highway at 70 miles an hour!" "This Island Earth", comment made by Scientist while reading Alien Electronics catalog.
6. High repetition rate. Because repeating faster is better.
7. Small design. No fun if it is the biggest part, eh?
8. PCB mounted. As the PCB is the basis of the capacitors, having the switch integrated into the capacitor speeds things up.
9, Enclosed arc-gap. Arc-gaps are loud [electronically and acoustically] and emit tons of UV radiation. Enclosing the arc-gap makes for nicer neighbors.
10. Maintenance free. Like they said just before the Coroners Inquest, Remains to be seen. See Enclosed Arc gap.
What I am doing with this dream-switch?
TEA laser, because I can.
Water-arc explosions.
Water-arc explosion mediated chemistry/transmutation.
Thin-film explosions.
Bending the rules of time and space.
Making the flying car they have been promising us since the 1950's.
Killing the Standard Model.
Getting humanity off of this rock.
Yeah, time to see my Doctor...
While the title promises "low-inductance bla bla bla", I have been a big tease so far!
The high-speed, low-inductance switch is a key part of what I am working on, and all this messy preamble serves to do is give things a context.
Goals for this switch:
1. Fast. Duh. Arc-switches are the fastest power-switching technology known.
2. Low inductance. See also Fast Switch.
3. Physically robust. No weak-tea falling apart nonsense.
4. Cheap. Like me, no budget, so gotta be home-made.
5. No Inobtanium, Cantfindium or Whatthehellamine. No fair if my cool design relies on "An Interositer capable of laying a 6 lane concrete highway at 70 miles an hour!" "This Island Earth", comment made by Scientist while reading Alien Electronics catalog.
6. High repetition rate. Because repeating faster is better.
7. Small design. No fun if it is the biggest part, eh?
8. PCB mounted. As the PCB is the basis of the capacitors, having the switch integrated into the capacitor speeds things up.
9, Enclosed arc-gap. Arc-gaps are loud [electronically and acoustically] and emit tons of UV radiation. Enclosing the arc-gap makes for nicer neighbors.
10. Maintenance free. Like they said just before the Coroners Inquest, Remains to be seen. See Enclosed Arc gap.
What I am doing with this dream-switch?
TEA laser, because I can.
Water-arc explosions.
Water-arc explosion mediated chemistry/transmutation.
Thin-film explosions.
Bending the rules of time and space.
Making the flying car they have been promising us since the 1950's.
Killing the Standard Model.
Getting humanity off of this rock.
Yeah, time to see my Doctor...
OK, I have some kind of intent sorted out.
While my short-term goal is a flying car, since Popular Mechanics can't deliver, it is up to me!
ZPE is the ground-state, particles like electrons, protons and neutrons are the fundamental particles.
The short-live particles are 'splinters', not enough/too much energy to land on an island of stability.
Electrons are like a bubble on the surface of water. Protons/neutrons more like Leidenfrost droplets, dancing on the surface, while causing little depressions. We call big collections of these depressions gravity, BTW.
Photons are over-achieving electrons, heads all spinning [wavelength] while they dance on their own wake-field.
BTW, that Michelson/Morely experiment?
Could never had detected motion, here is why.
As light interacts with a mirror, the reflected beam HAS to be going the speed of light, relative to the surface of the mirror. Likewise, light passing through a lens or 1/4 wave plate would of course emerge from that glass that V of C. Any time light touches anything, that interaction occurs at the same rate.
The velocity of light is simply the exchange rate of energy between matter and photons.
This is why interferometers cannot detect motion, only acceleration.
Lorentz and his famous contraction were based on Maxwell/Heaviside, others. But Maxwell is an approximation, missing terms that simple experiments can show to be real.
Amperes equations easily predict phenomena that Maxwell says can't happen.
Try using Maxwell with two wires, end-to-end [zero offset distance], current all flowing same direction. Result would be zero.
With Ampere, a non-zero result. And depending on the current, the non-zero forces can break equipment.
And the whole contraction thing was too good to pass up: it explained the Null result, fixed some things with electron packets.
When the same tool works in several areas, the tendency is to make it work everywhere.
By the time Quantum was getting its feet on the ground, a contraction formula for just about everything except Good Intentions existed.
So why all this work to fix the Standard Model, when the mortar used in the foundation is failing?
While my short-term goal is a flying car, since Popular Mechanics can't deliver, it is up to me!
ZPE is the ground-state, particles like electrons, protons and neutrons are the fundamental particles.
The short-live particles are 'splinters', not enough/too much energy to land on an island of stability.
Electrons are like a bubble on the surface of water. Protons/neutrons more like Leidenfrost droplets, dancing on the surface, while causing little depressions. We call big collections of these depressions gravity, BTW.
Photons are over-achieving electrons, heads all spinning [wavelength] while they dance on their own wake-field.
BTW, that Michelson/Morely experiment?
Could never had detected motion, here is why.
As light interacts with a mirror, the reflected beam HAS to be going the speed of light, relative to the surface of the mirror. Likewise, light passing through a lens or 1/4 wave plate would of course emerge from that glass that V of C. Any time light touches anything, that interaction occurs at the same rate.
The velocity of light is simply the exchange rate of energy between matter and photons.
This is why interferometers cannot detect motion, only acceleration.
Lorentz and his famous contraction were based on Maxwell/Heaviside, others. But Maxwell is an approximation, missing terms that simple experiments can show to be real.
Amperes equations easily predict phenomena that Maxwell says can't happen.
Try using Maxwell with two wires, end-to-end [zero offset distance], current all flowing same direction. Result would be zero.
With Ampere, a non-zero result. And depending on the current, the non-zero forces can break equipment.
And the whole contraction thing was too good to pass up: it explained the Null result, fixed some things with electron packets.
When the same tool works in several areas, the tendency is to make it work everywhere.
By the time Quantum was getting its feet on the ground, a contraction formula for just about everything except Good Intentions existed.
So why all this work to fix the Standard Model, when the mortar used in the foundation is failing?
Friday, May 22, 2015
Hello!
I have no idea what I am doing with a Blog, but I lose my notes all the time.
Harder to misplace the internet.
Longitudinal Ampere Forces. Old technology, little understood.
While there are many incarnations of this force, my efforts will be focusing on short-arc repulsion effects.
Water-arc explosions, exploding wires/films and the like will get separate treatments.
In essensce, high-energy electrical discharges can result in immense physical forces being generated.
I say immense forces, but in the context of very tiny physical phenomenon exerting a large force.
Ampere conducted experiments with high currents, and moderate voltages. Much of what we know of the relationship of current, magnetic fields and forces.
One odd experiment used two very pointy copper electrodes, almost touching each other.
Ampere wanted to 'concentrate' an arc into a tiny volume, to see what would happen.
The electrodes [copper rods] were driven apart violently, the tips mushroomed. As if struck by a hammer-blow.
The experiment was finicky: the voltage range, the size of electrodes, even the humidity.
The one factor that had the biggest effect on the result was switching time.
A slow rise-time would just melt or vaporize the copper tips.
A fairly fast [mouse-trap switch, in oil-bath] switch would sometimes work.
The fastest switches, arc-gap types, gave the most consistent results.
Looking at the various repulsion/explosion experiments, I began to consider why the explosive exist in the first place.
Does an electrical discharge exerted some sort of force? Volume? Amperes equations accounted for part of it, but some experiments were getting 'over unity' results.
I get a real icky feeling when I read 'over unity'. I think fraud, error or just bad notes.
I was ready to dismiss the whole thing, then I looked at the numbers.
A team had used a capacitor that could store 2500 joules, and the 35 joules worth of 'work' done by the arc explosion [mechanical work, heat, light, sound] looks pretty pathetic.
But then looking closer, the residual charge on the capacitor suggests that only about 7 joules were actually expended in the 'shot'.
Hmmm, says I.
I was not the only one to see such weird results.
But no one seemed able to capture the energy from the shot.
What if ZPE was involved? I know, that is like asking "Does my fat makes these jeans look ass?"
Everyone in the 'alternate energy' camp runs to ZPE when something funky goes down, but chill, there is a good ending.
I use ZPE in the same way others might say space/time, Aether, whatever.
The 'instantansous' conditions inside the arc are fun: thousands of volts across a tiny gap, millions of amps, billions of watts, all in a volume less than a microliter.
True, these sorts of conditions last only a fraction of a nano-second, but what if that is enough to 'inflate' a bit of space/time?
There is a theoretical equivalency between a volume of space/time and Energy. Like E=MC^2, except different.
So...does that discharge have enough energy to make a short-lived 'bubble' of extra ZPE?
Why do I ask all these ques....never mind.
If the discharge inflates space/time, the 'current' space/time [which contains all our stuff..and thangs] is shoved aside by the expanding 'bubble'. The thangs in our space/time get shoved aside, since they are 'pinned' to our space/time. Yes, when the bubble 'bursts', there is no 'suck-back'; the thing that was no longer is, can't exert a vacuum without a vacuum. The things set in motion, remain in motion.
This is where I am now, investigating the following:
1. Minimum energy level to make 'bubbles'
2. Create electrodes capable of resisting erosion from arcing. See #1!
3. See if it possible to make arc discharge path 'bend'.
4. Vector additions, electrode 'recoil', discharge path push.
5. Thruster longevity testing.
I have no idea what I am doing with a Blog, but I lose my notes all the time.
Harder to misplace the internet.
Longitudinal Ampere Forces. Old technology, little understood.
While there are many incarnations of this force, my efforts will be focusing on short-arc repulsion effects.
Water-arc explosions, exploding wires/films and the like will get separate treatments.
In essensce, high-energy electrical discharges can result in immense physical forces being generated.
I say immense forces, but in the context of very tiny physical phenomenon exerting a large force.
Ampere conducted experiments with high currents, and moderate voltages. Much of what we know of the relationship of current, magnetic fields and forces.
One odd experiment used two very pointy copper electrodes, almost touching each other.
Ampere wanted to 'concentrate' an arc into a tiny volume, to see what would happen.
The electrodes [copper rods] were driven apart violently, the tips mushroomed. As if struck by a hammer-blow.
The experiment was finicky: the voltage range, the size of electrodes, even the humidity.
The one factor that had the biggest effect on the result was switching time.
A slow rise-time would just melt or vaporize the copper tips.
A fairly fast [mouse-trap switch, in oil-bath] switch would sometimes work.
The fastest switches, arc-gap types, gave the most consistent results.
Looking at the various repulsion/explosion experiments, I began to consider why the explosive exist in the first place.
Does an electrical discharge exerted some sort of force? Volume? Amperes equations accounted for part of it, but some experiments were getting 'over unity' results.
I get a real icky feeling when I read 'over unity'. I think fraud, error or just bad notes.
I was ready to dismiss the whole thing, then I looked at the numbers.
A team had used a capacitor that could store 2500 joules, and the 35 joules worth of 'work' done by the arc explosion [mechanical work, heat, light, sound] looks pretty pathetic.
But then looking closer, the residual charge on the capacitor suggests that only about 7 joules were actually expended in the 'shot'.
Hmmm, says I.
I was not the only one to see such weird results.
But no one seemed able to capture the energy from the shot.
What if ZPE was involved? I know, that is like asking "Does my fat makes these jeans look ass?"
Everyone in the 'alternate energy' camp runs to ZPE when something funky goes down, but chill, there is a good ending.
I use ZPE in the same way others might say space/time, Aether, whatever.
The 'instantansous' conditions inside the arc are fun: thousands of volts across a tiny gap, millions of amps, billions of watts, all in a volume less than a microliter.
True, these sorts of conditions last only a fraction of a nano-second, but what if that is enough to 'inflate' a bit of space/time?
There is a theoretical equivalency between a volume of space/time and Energy. Like E=MC^2, except different.
So...does that discharge have enough energy to make a short-lived 'bubble' of extra ZPE?
Why do I ask all these ques....never mind.
If the discharge inflates space/time, the 'current' space/time [which contains all our stuff..and thangs] is shoved aside by the expanding 'bubble'. The thangs in our space/time get shoved aside, since they are 'pinned' to our space/time. Yes, when the bubble 'bursts', there is no 'suck-back'; the thing that was no longer is, can't exert a vacuum without a vacuum. The things set in motion, remain in motion.
This is where I am now, investigating the following:
1. Minimum energy level to make 'bubbles'
2. Create electrodes capable of resisting erosion from arcing. See #1!
3. See if it possible to make arc discharge path 'bend'.
4. Vector additions, electrode 'recoil', discharge path push.
5. Thruster longevity testing.
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